Planing and matching machine



(No Model.) r

W. M. DWIGHT.

PLANING AND MATCHING MACHINE.

Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

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UNITED STATES WILLIAM M. DWIGHT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

PLANING AND'MATCHING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofLetters Patent No. 329,824, dated November 3, 1885. Application filed April 29, 1895. Serial No.163,834. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. DWIGHT, of Detroit, in the county of WVayne and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Planing Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in planing-machines for making undercut grooves in lumber;-and the inven tion consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of undercutting-knives adapted by operating in connection with rotary cutters to produce undercut grooves.

In the art of building it has been proposed to provide building-lumbersuch as sheathing-upon one side with a series of undercut grooves, so as to adapt it to receive plastering, and it is the object of my invention to manufacture such building lumber in the manner hereinafter described.

In the drawings which accompany this specification, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an undercuttingknife. Fig. 2 is a crosssection thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical section thereof, showing it secured to a knife-head, which is in turn secured to the rear end of the bed of the planing-machine. Fig. 4 is a plan showing a series of undercutting-knives secured to the tail-board of a planing-machine. Fig. 5 is a vertical central section of an ordinary planing-machine arranged. for manufacturing lumber with undercut mortises by the use of my undercutting-knives. Fig. 6 shows a cross-section of a board after it has passed the rotary cutter-head of the planing-machine. Fig. 7 shows a cross-section of the finished board.

A is a knife having two gouge-shaped cutting-blades, a a, parallel to each other. This knife I preferably secure removably to a stock, B, by providing the knife with a square shank, b, and securing it by means of a set-screw, c, in a corresponding recess, (2, in the stock. The stock B is provided with the usual slot, f, for securing it by means of a bolt to a knifehead.

G is a rounding stud projecting on top of the stock B, in front of the cutting-edges of the knife. It may be either made in a separate piece from the stock and removably secured thereto or formed integral with it.

In practice, when it is desired to make lumber with undercut grooves, I provide the lower cylinder, D, of a suitable planing-machine with the proper knives to cut into the under side of the board a series of parallel grooves or mortises with square sides, as shown in Fig. 6. Then for each groove I secure to the bed of the planing machine an undercutting knife of the kind described above, in such manner that its cutting-blades enter into the groove and cutaway, while the board is traveling, a portion of the material upon the sides of the mortise, so as to make it an undercut groove, as shown in Fig. 7. These knives may be secured anywhere in rear of the cylinder D. In Figs. 3 and 4 I show them adjustably secured,in the ordinary manner used for planer-knives, to a head, E, which latter is then bolted onto the tail-board F, either in front or in rear thereof.

In Fig. 5 I show another way for securing the undercutting-knives to the bed of the planing-machine, and this consists in transforming the chip-breaker G, in rear of the lower cylinder, into acombined chip-breaker and knifehead, to the rear face of which the undercuttingknives are secured in the usual manner. As the chip-breakers are generally removably secured in position, the latter way of securing the undercutting-knives is in most planing-machines the preferable way, as these knives can then be easily removed when not wanted. It will be seen that the stud O on the undercuttingknives is in front of the cuttingblades, and it therefore enters the grooves made by the rotary cutters in advance of the cutting-blades, thus guiding them safely into the grooves at every fresh board, and also preventing the splitting off of the material to be removed by the undercutting-knives should the boards happen to be more or less crossgrained.

If the planing-machine is provided with the ordinary matcher-heads, H, suitable cutters may be secured in these matcher-heads to out half a groove on the edges of the boards, as shown in Fig. 6. Ipreferably cut the grooves upon the under side of the board, as it allows me to use the upper cylinder, I, to reduce the boards to a common thickness. It is obvious,

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however, that the parts may be arranged to groove the top side. It isnot advisable to plane the boards upon the side on which the grooves are, as it 'is desirable for the object in 5 View to keep them rough, so as to allow the plaster to adhere more firmly. 1

Any particular form of undercut grooves may be produced in the manner herein described by giving the undercutting'knives the proper form; but as my object in view is merely to provide a clinch for the plaster I have chosen the simple form shown in the drawings, which gives a convenient form to the undercutting-knives; but I do not confine myself to I 5 any particular form of knife or groove.

Instead of using a cylinder with rotary cutters, as above described, the well-known substitute of a series of rotaey saws on an arbor may be used for cutting the square groove, 2-; and instead of undercutting on both sides of the groove the undercutting may be done on one side only.

No claim is made herein to the specific construction of the cutter-head, as the same will 2 5 be made the subj ect-matter of aseparate application; neither do I claim herein the sheathing-lath herein shown and described, as that also will be made the subject-matter of aseparate application about to be filed by me. 3o What I claim as myinvention is- 1. In a planing-machine, the combination of a series of rotary knives or rotary saws ar ranged to cut a series of grooves in a board,

and of a series of stationary knives having knife-blades arranged in rear of said rotary knives and constructed to undercut these grooves, substantially as described.

2. In a planing-machine, the combination of the rotary cutter-head D, having a series of grooving-cutters, and of a series of stationary o knives, one for each groove, arranged in the rear of'said cutter-head, and having cuttingblades arranged to enter the grooves and underc'ut them, substantially as described.

3. In a planing-machine, the combination of 5 the lower cylinder, D, having aseries of grooving-cutters, of a series of stationary knives, A, having undercutting-blades a, and arranged in rear of said cylinder, and of the chipbreaker G, forming a knife-head to which the knives A are secured, substantially as described.

4. In a planing-machine, the combination of thelower cylinder, D, havingaseries of grooving-cutters,and ofaseries of stationary knives,

A, arranged in rear of said cylinder and having undercuttingblades a and guides (J, substantially as described.

1 5. In a planing-machine, the combination of the matcher-heads H, having suitablecutters for making half-grooves, the lower cylinder, D, arranged in the rear of said heads and hav-' ing a series of grooving-cutters, and of the undercutting-knives A, stationarily secured to the bed of the machine in rear of said cylinder, substantially as described.

WILLIAM M. DWIGHT.

Witnesses:

H. S. SPRAGUE, CHARLES J. HUNT. 

